Las estaciones del año y el clima (Coursera)

Las estaciones del año y el clima (Coursera)

¿Sabes por qué hay animales que migran cada año? ¿Cómo saben los campesinos cuando sembrar y cuando cosechar? ¿Sabes qué gobierna el ciclo anual de frio y calor y de lluvias y secas? Las estaciones del año son el fenómeno climático más perceptible por el ser humano y se manifiestan de diferente forma en distintas regiones; por ejemplo cuando es invierno en la mitad del mundo, es verano en la otra mitad. Entender el mecanismo de las estaciones es el primer paso para entender el clima, que afecta a casi todas las actividades humanas.

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En este curso estudiaremos los procesos que provocan las estaciones del año, las repercusiones que tiene éstas para las actividades humanas y su relación con los fundamentos del sistema climático terrestre. A través de simulaciones visuales haremos comprensibles conceptos y procesos físicos y te propondremos experimentos. Si estas considerando estudiar ciencias de la Tierra o si quieres comprender mejor cómo funciona el clima, este curso es para ti.
¡Acompáñanos! Y conoce más sobre nuestro hogar el planeta Tierra.

Syllabus

WEEK 1
Percepción de las estaciones
¿Recuerdas qué es el ecuador, paralelo y meridiano, latitud y longitud? Para que comprendas las estaciones del año, es preciso que primero recuerdes ciertos conceptos de la geografía de la Tierra.
En este módulo identificarás la importancia de la posición geográfica para explicar las diferencias locales de las estaciones del año y el clima. Asimismo, verás cómo la cantidad de energía solar que llega a la superficie terrestre depende de la posición del Sol.

WEEK 2
Parámetros orbitales
En este módulo identificarás los movimientos más importantes de la Tierra y cómo influyen en el clima, los hitos que marcan el paso de las estaciones y la radiación solar.
Por tanto, primero revisarás los sistemas de referencia y los movimientos de la Tierra, incluso la precesión. Después estudiarás los equinoccios y solsticios. Finalizarás explorando a detalle la carrera del Sol en diferentes latitudes.

WEEK 3
Bases del sistema climático
En el lugar donde vives, ¿hace frío o calor?, ¿es seco o húmedo?
Ahora estudiarás a qué se deben las diferencias de clima en cada región, en especial revisarás qué es el albedo y el funcionamiento del efecto invernadero. En este módulo describirás los fundamentos del sistema climático para dimensionar su complejidad.

WEEK 4
Funcionamiento del sistema climático
En el módulo 4 revisarás cómo se estudia el sistema climático actual, entenderás los procesos naturales y antropogénicos de los cambios climáticos, y tomarás conciencia de los efectos de las actividades humanas en el clima, así como de los futuros escenarios causados por los daños al medio ambiente.

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