Simulação e Controlo de Drones (IST)

Simulação e Controlo de Drones (IST)

Este curso assenta na análise do funcionamento de drones multirotores e das partes que o constituem. Este curso tem como propósitos analisar o funcionamento de drones multirotores e das partes que o constituem, saber como desenvolver um simulador para analisar o seu comportamento e projetar soluções para o seu controlo automático.

A utilização de drones tem vindo a ser generalizada dada a sua larga gama de aplicações, nomeadamente no domínio civil. Estes são habitualmente utilizados para executar tarefas difíceis, monótonas ou perigosas para o ser humano, como é o caso da monitorização ambiental ou de locais de desastre, da aquisição de imagem com fim multimédia ou da fertilização de campos agrícolas. Por outro lado, podem ser utilizados apenas para fins recreativos.
No final do curso, os(as) participantes poderão:

  • Perceber o modo de funcionamento de drones multirotores;
  • Saber modelar os vários elementos do drone (atuadores, sensores e equações de movimento);
  • Desenvolver um simulador em Scilab/Xcos (ou Matlab/Simulink) para reproduzir e analisar o comportamento do drone;
  • Desenvolver soluções lineares para o controlo automático do drone, e implementar e validar as mesmas no simulador desenvolvido.

No curso serão abordados os seguintes assuntos relativos a um quadri-rotor:

  • Modelação: princípio físico, componentes, representação do sistema em espaço de estados e diagrama de blocos;
  • Simulação: implementação do sistema em anel aberto (atuação e equações do movimento) e dos controladores projetados em ambiente de simulação;
  • Análise: linearização, subsistemas de atuação e movimento, análise de estabilidade;
  • Controlo: estabilização do eixo vertical, angular e em translação, guiamento por pontos de passagem.

The use of drones has been widespread given its wide range of applications, namely in the civil domain. These are usually used to perform difficult, monotonous, or dangerous tasks for humans, such as environmental or disaster sites monitoring, image acquisition for multimedia purposes or the fertilization of agricultural fields. On the other hand, they can be used for recreational purposes only.
At the end of the course, participants will be able to:

  • Understand how multirotor drones work;
  • Know how to model the various elements of the drone (actuators, sensors, and equations of movement);
  • Develop a simulator in Scilab / Xcos (or Matlab / Simulink) to reproduce and analyze the drone's behavior;
  • Apply linear solutions in the automatic control of the drone, through its implementation and validation in the developed simulator.

The course will cover the following subjects related to a quadrotor:

  • Modeling: physical principle, components, representation of the system in state space and block diagram;
  • Simulation: implementation of the open-loop system (actuation and equations of motion) and the controllers designed in a simulation environment;
  • Analysis: linearization, actuation and movement subsystems, stability analysis;
  • Control: stabilization of the vertical movement, angular and translational motions, guidance by waypoints.
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